GLP-1 Agonists Weight Loss Gastrointestinal Peptides Approved

Liraglutida

Also known as: Saxenda, Victoza

Liraglutide is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog. Its structure is modified with a fatty acid that binds to serum albumin, prolonging its action to 24 hours and allowing for once-daily dosing. It is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and as an approved chronic weight management medication.

Mechanism of action

Acts as a GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist.
Stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppresses glucagon secretion.
Significantly delays gastric emptying, promoting early satiety.
Crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts on the hypothalamus to directly decrease appetite.

Uses & indications

Weight management: Approved for clinical obesity (BMI > 30).
Type 2 Diabetes: Blood sugar control.
Cardiovascular benefits: Reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes.

Effects

Sustained weight loss, substantial appetite reduction, improved glycemic control, and blood pressure reduction.

Considerations & contraindications

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and constipation, especially during the initial weeks.
Must be injected daily, unlike modern weekly agonists.

Regulatory approval

Approved by FDA and EMA as Victoza (Diabetes) and Saxenda (Obesity).

Dosage

For weight loss (Saxenda), starts at 0.6mg daily, escalating by 0.6mg each week to reach a target of 3.0mg daily.

Storage

Pre-filled pens refrigerated at 2°C-8°C. Once in use, it can be kept at room temperature for 30 days.

Technical data

Regulatory status Approved

Molecular weight 3751.2 Da

Half-life 13 horas

Administration routes Subcutánea diaria